High Throughput Analysis of Cannabinoids by LC-UV Cannabinoid Profiles

One out of every seven Americans reports using CBD products, according to a recent study by Gallup.

As the cannabis industry continues to expand, there is a growing demand for more in-depth analysis of cannabinoid profiles. This is driven by the need for more comprehensive data, which can aid in strain identification and ensure more precise potency testing. 

To date, over 100 cannabinoids have been isolated from cannabis. While several methods have been developed to separate these primary cannabinoids, many of them overlook the potential interference from other cannabinoids that could be present in the sample. 

Additionally, some terpenes have been shown to absorb UV light at 228 nm, the wavelength cannabinoids are typically detected, which can result in an additional source of interference. This is most problematic in concentrates where minor cannabinoids can be enriched to detectable levels that were not observed in the flower. In a study by Restek, it was found that minor terpene interferences could potentially impact the quantitation of CBGA and THCVA if present in high enough concentrations, but the quantitative analysis of these cannabinoids is currently not required. 

California law requires that all cannabis goods must be analyzed to determine and identify the CBD content labeled with total CBD content. However, compounds such as terpenes can interfere with the five most commonly analyzed cannabinoids: tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabinol (CBN).

We have an LC-UV method shown here using a Restek Raptor ARC-18 column to fully resolve 16 major and most frequently observed minor cannabinoids for which commercial standards are available. Baseline separation ensures positive identification and accurate quantitation. All compounds were resolved in a fast 9-minute analysis, making this method suitable for high-throughput cannabis testing labs. In addition, this analysis uses a simple isocratic mobile phase so it is more easily transferable between instruments, compared to more complex methods that incorporate a typical mobile phase gradients or additives.

Chrom Tech is a Minnesota-based, worldwide distributor of chromatography instrumentation and supplies and mass spectrometry supplies. We carry vials, well plates, syringe filters, solvent waste containers and all other critical chromatography and spectrometry supplies. Contact Chrom Tech  to become your preferred supplier of chromatography and mass spectrometry supplies.